Analogy

Analogy refers to a comparison that is typically done on the basis of the structures of the things compared. Such a comparison is done for a clearer explanation of something that is comparable to something else in some respects.

As a special term in logic, it denotes a process of argument starting from similarity in some known respects to some other.

In linguistics, it is a process of creating new words and inflections on the basis of existing others having regularities in the form.

In biology, it denotes similar functioning of organs having different evolutionary origins, such as wings of birds and insects. It is corresponding similarity.