THE PUNJAB

The Punjab is a region of the "five rivers" - the Indus and its four tributaries, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravee, and Sutlej. Its frontiers touch Afghanistan and Kashmir. Mountain ranges traverse the N., W., and S; little rain falls; the plains are dry and hot in summer. There is little timber, cow-dung has been common fuel; the soil is barren, but under irrigation there are fertile stretches; wheat, indigo, sugar, cotton, tobacco, opium, and tea are largely grown; cotton, silk, lace, iron, and leather are manufactured; indigo, grain, cotton, and manufactured products are exported in exchange for raw material, dyes, horses, and timber.

The region was divided in 1947 between the two countries India and Pakistan. Lahore is the capital town is now in Pakistan, but Delhi and Amritsar are in India.