Most adopted democratic structure for governance though it survived and flourished only in India as she alone could strengthen it. Nine months later added to the galaxy was the liberated Communist China but then world was sharply divided between two economic concepts, capitalism and communism. The capitalist world was led by America while USSR managed the other camp. American world received a severe jolt in 1963 as the Canadian Researcher John Ralston Saul pointed, with its Supreme Court expanded the franchise base to include all Americans regardless of their skin colour, gender or economic status.
In 1776 on winning war of independence and adopting the democratic system of governance by adopting constitution, America granted fundamental rights to all except the voting right. It was limited to economically settled males. For two centuries business flourished to put America on the top rung of the wealth. Representatives to legislative bodies served interests of their electors. The Supreme Court verdict changed as representatives in legislative bodies had to serve and satisfy urges and interests of their electors. The big business went in panic mode as first legislation of social security guarantee for less fortunate rolled out. The big business put to work the economy professionals in various universities but working in private for big business. Their exercise churned out the global economy concept. They also prepared the escape route to run away from America with the most humanitarian concept. After two centuries of their minting dollars for the self their hearts were suddenly melting by abject poverty around in other parts. Their uneasy conscience is beckoning to reach them with capital and production mechanism and eradicate their poverty. Neither political authority nor trade unions could stand in way of their march.
They were fleeing in search of cheap labour services to maintain their gains. Japan was ruled out as labour cost was higher and Japanese did not welcome humans of other cultures to be amid them. The Middle East had to be avoided due to terrorism growth and Africa did not have trained efficient hands though they excelled in use of weapons. Democracies like India had to be avoided so same reasons that forced them out of their land. The successor to Mao had opened gates of China for private sector entrepreneurs to exploit the cheap labour. The Communist regime offered protection to exploiters and cheap labour service. The labour that cost in any American town 5500 dollars would cost only 250 dollars in China. Proposition was attractive thought it possibly involved one time bribe payment. Not only American giants but also from Europe shifted their production to China. The internet made flow of capital in and out without any hindrance. China provided not only cheap labour but also better service back up. While Deng new supremo of China sought to improve economy without relaxing on the political grip, M Gorbachev of Russia began to tamper the political system through perestroika instead bringing the economy to elevated grounds and lost his battle, his hold and also his post. The collapse of the Soviet Union was the major upheaval as it turned the world with unilateral super power. The major economic theories had collapsed. Not much of either capitalism or communism survived and the global economy concept ushered in individualism. Though it was to eradicate poverty it ushered in social transition in most continents.
China regaled to see the store ledges the world over laden with the China made goods. But demand o preference for China made goods began to slacken as durability and quality of China made goods came in question. First to withdraw from production line in China were Indians followed by Swedish. The Chinese economy got caught in the whirlpool of economic crisis that caught America, Europe and Australia in 2008. Even now China remains caught in it as major giants shifted their production units to new industrial zone between South America and North Mexico. After resisting for a long time China had to devalue its currency though it did not help to overcome the economic crisis. But Asian Tigers beat their difficulties. East Asian Tigers economies are highly depending on exports with little home consumption unlike India that has enormous home consumption.
Indian economy moved ahead for four decades very slowly though steadily with growth rate stuck below 4 per cent. The global economy winds did not improve prosperity though it was certainly a beginning of rapid social transformation. The opening for private sector partnership in economy the media sector accelerated the growth rate to push 260 million Indians upward to be part of the middle class. The economically comfortable class now covers 35 per cent population. Greater achievement is literacy rate climbing to be past 83 per cent. More important was dawning of realisation in the poor class of importance of education and small family norm to enable parents to educate their progeny.
Even proportion in the population of families eking out life below the poverty lane got reduced below 20 per cent. But he political party that led the freedom struggle for six decades and ruled for 42 years of seven decades of post independence era had to wind up as insignificant political entity. It was no more vibrating political entity that understood the pulse of population. It took people to be serving interests of a family. It could not comprehend pulsation of literate young generation. Long before the end of the century that began in 1921, the Indian National Congress was reduced to be on page of history. New leader emerged on basis o0f his offering no charity.
The new leader appeared to be striving for 18 months to entice foreign capital to accelerate India’s economic growth. But eventually he was forced to give up. Perhaps in vengeance he pushed the Indian economy to other direction. His approach sounds like old Indian proverb, ‘If I am forced to leave my husband. I will not allow your man to survive’. The Indians are made to pay for the drama they had not voted for.
A CENTURY OF TRANSITION
Vijay Sanghvi - 2021-04-22 03:40
The century between 1921 and 2021 has been the most turbulent period for human kind as it denotes the century of drastic, political concepts, adoption of economic models and psychological processes. The world had welcomed the proposal of the American President Woodrow Wilson at the World Peace Conference at Paris in 1921. His proposal for eschewing violence and war games, popular governance to all and the free world trade found unanimous appreciation by all participants, recovering from aftermath of the World War First but none took even a step to materialize it. The Second World War imposed on by ambition of the German dictator Adolph Hitler brought unprecedented devastation. Victors were more weakened by six years of fighting. ALL empires collapsed and were forced to liberate their settlements after two or more centuries of subjugation. 139 new nations emerged in seven years of collapse of the four nations’ Axis in 1945.