Bijnor

Bijnor is a district in the State of Uttar Pradesh in India. Bijnor is also spelled Bijnaur or Bijnour. The district lies between north latitude 29° 2' and 29° 58' and east longitude 78° 0' and 78° 57'. The district derives its name from its headquarter town of the same name.

Its western boundary is formed throughout by the deep stream of the river Ganges, beyond which lie the four districts of Dehradun, Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar and Meerut. To the north and north-east is Garhwal, the dividing ling being the submontane road, which runs from Hardwar along the foot of the Himalayas to Ramanagar, Haldwani and Tanakpur. This road, popularly known as the Kandi Saradk, belongs throughout its length to Garhwal, the transfer having taken place a few years since. On the east the Phika river for the greater part of its course constitutes the boundary, separating this district from Naini Tal and Moradabad, as far as its junction with the Ramganga; and to the south lie the Thakurdwara, Amroha, and Hasanpur tahsils of Moradabad, the boundary being conventional and undetermined by natural features.

The total area of the district is liable to change slightly from time to time by reason of the erratic action of the Ganges and Ramganga: in 1906 it amounted to 1,145,272 acres (1789.5 square miles, 4634.75 km²) the average for the last five years being 1,147,967 acres (4,645.66 km²).

History

Early history of Bijnor is little known.

The district was ravaged by Timur in 1399, and thenceforward nothing is heard of it till the time of Mughal emperor Akbar, when it formed part of the Delhi empire.

In the early part of the 18th century, however, the Rohilla Pashtuns established their independence in the country called by them Rohilkhand and about 1748 the Rohilla chief Ali Muhammad made his first annexations in Bijnor, the rest of which soon fell under the Rohilla domination. The northern districts were granted by Ali Muhammad to Najib Khan, who gradually extended his influence west of the Ganges and at Delhi, receiving the title of Najib-ud-daula and becoming paymaster of the royal forces. His success, however, raised up powerful enemies against him, and at their instigation the Marathas invaded Bijnor. This was the beginning of a feud which continued for years. Najib, indeed, held his own, and for the part played by him in the victory of Panipat was made vizier of the empire. After his death in 1770, however, his son Zabita Khan was defeated by the Mahrathas, who overran all Rohilkhand. In 1772 the Nawab of Oudh made a treaty with the Rohillas, covenanting to expel the Marathas in return for a money payment. He carried out his part of the bargain, but the Rohilla chieftains refused to pay.

In 1774 the Nawab concluded with the government of Calcutta a treaty of alliance, and he now called upon the British, in accordance with its terms, to supply a brigade to assist him in enforcing his claims against the Rohillas. This was done; the Rohillas were driven beyond the Ganges, and Bijnor was incorporated in the territories of the nawab, who in 1774 ceded it to the British East India Company.

From this time the history of Bijnor is uneventful until the Mutiny of 1857, when (on the 1st of June) it was occupied by the nawab of Najibabad, a grandson of Zabita Khan. In spite of fighting between the Hindus and the Muslim Pashtuns the Nawab succeeded in maintaining his position until the 21st of April 1858, when he was defeated by the British at Nagina; whereupon British authority was restored.

Politics

Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies and their areas after delimitation order of 2008

17 Najibabad Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KCs 3-Najibabad, 4-Nangal, 5-Sahanpur, Sahanpur NP, Jalalabad NP & Najibabad MB of 1-Najibabad Tehsil.

18 Nagina Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC) - KCs 1-Akbarabad, 2-Kiratpur & Kiratpur MB of 1-Najibabad Tehsil; KC 2-Nagina & Nagina MB of 3-Nagina Tehsil.

19 Barhapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KCs 1-Barhapur, 3-Pureni, Barhapur NP of 3-Nagina Tehsil; KC 6-Qadrabad, 7-AFzalgarh & Afzalgarh M.B. of 4-Dhampur Tehsil.

20 Dhampur Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KC 3-Sherkot, PCs 1-Ajitpurdasi, 2-Barkhera Tanda, 4-Chak Mohmad Nagar, 5-Jampur, 6-Jasmor, 10-Manpur Shivpuri, 11-Mitthepur, 12-Moh. Alipur Madho, 13-Mukerpuri, 14-Palanpur, 16-Rasoolpur Mohd. Kuli, 17-Sabdalpur, 19-Saddober, 20-Safiyabad, 21-Salarabad, 22-Seohara of 4-Seohara KC, PCs 1-Amkhera Shanjarpur, 3-Bamnoli, 7-Chakrajmal, 10-Dhampur Husainpur, 11-Fahehullapur Khas, 13-Mauzampur Jaitra, 14-Mohri, 15-Mozampur Suraj, 16-Nindru of 2-Dhampur KC, Dhampur MB, Sherkot MB & Seohara MB of 4-Dhampur Tehsil.

21 Nehtaur Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC) - KC 4-Haldaur & Haldaur MB of 2-Bijnor Tehsil; KC 1-Nehtaur, PCs 2-Athai Shekh, 4-Basera Dasu, 5-Basera Khurd, 6-Bhawanipur Tarkola, 8-Mankua, 9-Dhakka Karmachand, 12-Kotra Tappa Kesho, 17-Pipalsana, 18-Raipur Maluk, 19-Sedha, 20-Sherpur Balla, 21-Tapraula of 2-Dhampur KC & Nehtaur MB of 4-Dhampur Tehsil.

22 Bijnor Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KCs 1-Mandawar, 2-Bijnor, 3-Dara Nagar, Mandawar NP, Jhalu NP & Bijnor MB of 2-Bijnor Tehsil.

23 Chandpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KCs 1-Chandpur, 2-Basta, PCs 1-Aurangabad, 2-Azamgarh Urf Ratangarh, 3-Azampur, 4-Dharupur, 5-Dhundli, 6-Govli, 8-Heempur Bujurg, 9-Jujhaila, 11-Majhaula Gujar, 12-Murahat, 14-Phoona, 16-Yusufa of 3-Phoona KC & Chandpur MB of 5-Chandpur Tehsil.

24 Noorpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency - KC 4-Boodhpur, PCs 7-Haizarpur Bhatt, 10-Mahamdabad, 13-Paijaniya, 15-Shivala, 17-Nayak Nangla, 18-Sujatpur Tikar, 19-Khaspura, 20-Umribarhi of 3-Phoona KC & Noorpur MB of 5-Chandpur Tehsil; KC 5-Sahaspur, PCs 3-Budhanpur, 7-Kuri Bangar, 8-Lamba Khera, 9-Moh. Alipur Inayat, 15-Pithapur, 18-Sadafal of 4-Seohara KC & Sahaspur NP of 4-Dhampur Tehsil.

Places of interest
Vidur Kuti, Kanva Ashram, Daranagar, Ganj, Jahanabad, Bijnor, Sita Mandir Math, Saindwar, Azampur, Najibabad, Mandwar, Galkha Devi