They lived in their small clusters in a belief that their station in current life was consequence of their actions in the previous birth. They could and did live unscathed through seven centuries of alien rulers. they were ruled by the Muslims for five centuries, by traders of Britain for eleven decades and by the Empire for nine decades. The British rulers had sailed off India but only leaving behind them a devastating agony of partition.

In a positive stance and in keeping with democratic traditions of the past the Indian political leaders built a strong political system with universal adult franchise. They had interest of people at heart and desire to show to the world the courage and ingenuity of Indians to experiment with new ideas. The main participant in the freedom struggle of six decades remained unchallenged in seat of power to better lives of people. It helped them to further strengthen the pillars of democracy to make every section to think of others.

One classic example of positive approach was reflected in the unscheduled encounter of the communication wizard Sam Pitroda and the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1983.. Pitroda had come to tell Indira Gandhi of the grand success of the mission she had assigned to him. He told her that every village was now connected with a phone line. In his enthusiasm he told her that now every village could now, through urgent use of phone seek medico to attend to the young woman in delivery pains. Indira Gandhi interjected,” as you say every village can seek medical assistance, But how will doctor rush to reach the village?” On seeing the puzzled looks of Pitroda she added, “every village is not connected even now with motor-able road. Medicos cannot move in bullock carts.” Every village got connected with a pucca road before the end of the last century. The encounter reflects the positive approach.

The former minister Shyama Prasad Mukherjee after resigning from the Nehru government adopted a negative approach for building a political entity with a alternative acceptable .Instead he sought the agenda seeped in the ancient religious stance. The idea was not to deliver a better alternative for the mass development but remove the entity in power game. The literacy rate then was 14, 1 per cent but masses .were not unwise. The party as the political hand of the RS Sangh could not muster even 8 per cent vote in the first election in 1952. The Sangh leaders overlooked that India had lived through 40 centuries by then without a political or religious authority.

The lower grades in the social structure though they formed 70 per cent by head count had responded in large proportion to a call by Mahatma Gandhi to descend on streets to battle for freedom. It caused to ring alarm bells in the upper strata that lower strata was being made aware of the political rights. The response was to divert their attention with a promise to protect them from religions that emerged outside India. The anti Muslim stance was to create a visible enemy to fight with that could lead to consolidation of the lower strata with the upper strata though the temples were not and are not even today open to entry of the deprived sections. Awareness of the pollution dangers resulted in classifying the social structure in four sections. But. It got the abominable load of caste prejudices.

The religion oriented ideology failed to gain for six decades. The senior leader Atal Behari Vajpayee was aware of the malady. His effort to build a secular alternative to the Congress in April 1980 and leave religion outside the political arena proved to be disaster as he could not get the feet -worker forces to back heads around him. He could not sustain his adventure longer and succumbed to pressure within to surrender. His adventure ended in the dominance by the Sangh. It dictated for a quarter century when Narendra Modi emerged with his clear perception that Indians have their worship idols in their temples or in picture frames in their homes but not in their public affairs .Economic betterment through their efforts and not as divine blessings or favours from wealthy was his comprehension. The positive approach is in his strategy he adopted for the 2014 election.. He secured the majority for the first time after several failures for the election symbol lotus f in seven decades. He proved it again in 2019 to win the majority again without any concrete achievement in credit side of his public affairs ledger.

His opponents could not understand the mentality of Indian voters and offered huge charity to entice them like the wealthy Jagirdar of the gone era were offering eatables to anyone at their doors. Against it NaMo offered them dignity of hard work and no charity. He had his thumb on pulse of Indians and his opponents were floating in the bygone errs.

NaMo could not keep his promise through celebration of the Independence Day eight times in his two terms as he did not have the majority loyal to him. He may have assumed that his mentors will be impressed by his miracle and accordingly change to allow him to go ahead to keep his election promises of rapid economic growth. But his mentors sensed a death in allowing him to keep his promises. The historic evidence suggests a drastic reduction in religious fervor among people when they are economically better. They prefer to spend more time in markets than in temples. The Sangh chief sought him back in the old fold in 2015. but aMo did not respond. His silence resulted in an ongoing battle.

In his first term and midway second term, he climbed eight time to the Red Fort ramparts to address the nation. Many doubt he will remain in position to continue similar exercise next year also when Indians will rejoice with celebration of the diamond jubilee of independence. The confrontation with the Sangh is inevitable. The Sangh cannot keep up with the defiant soldiers. The Sangh leaders may have to celebrate its own centenary without the supporting men in power seat. In overlooking the past and electing NaMo only on basis of his promise reflects the courage of Indians to accept only positibe approach.