Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar

Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar (1542-1605), popularly known as Akbar or Akbar the Great, was Mogul emperor of India during 1556-1605. He was Humayun's heir to the throne. He was born in exile and was only 13 years old when his father died.

Akbar's reign holds a certain prominence in history. He was the ruler who actually fortified the foundations of the Mughal Empire and expanded it to incorporate northern India. After a series of conquests, he managed to subdue most of India. Areas not under the empire were designated as tributaries. He also adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Rajputs, hence reducing any threat from them. Akbar was not only a great conqueror, but also a capable organizer and a great administrator as well. He set up a host of institutions that proved to be the foundation of an administrative system that operated even during British India. Akbar's rule also stands out due to his liberal policies towards the non-Muslims, his religious innovations, the land revenue system and his famous Mansabdari system. Akbar's Mansabdari system became the basis of Mughal military organization and civil administration.

Akbar died in 1605, nearly 50 years after his ascension to the throne, and was buried outside of Agra at Sikandra. His son Jehangir then assumed the throne.

Wisdom & Quotes

• Let not difference of religion interfere with policy, and be not violent in inflicting retribution. Adorn the confidential council with men who know their work.
• A monarch should be ever intent on conquest; otherwise, his neighbours rise in arms against him.

Tokugawa Ieyasu