Thane
Thane is a district in the State of Maharashtra in India. It lies Between 18°42' and 20°20' North latitudes and 72°45' to 73°48' East longitudes. The district has triangular shape. Pune and Ahemednagar districts lie on the East. Nashik district on the East and North-East, Gujarat and Centrally administrated areas of Dadra and Nagar Haveli lie on the North, Arabian Sea forms the North West boundary; while Mumbai and Sub-Urban Mumbai lie on the South.The total geographical area of the district is 9558 Sq Km. Population of the Thane district, according to the 2001 Census is 81,31,849.
Tehsils of the district are - 1. Thane, 2. Kalyan, 3. Ambernath, 4. Ulhasnagar, 5. Murbad, 6. Vasai, 7. Bhiwandi, 8. Shahapur, 9. Palghar, 10. Vada, 11. Mokhada, 12. Dahanu, 13. Talasari, 14. Jawhar, 15. Vikramgad
History
From B.C. 2500 to B.C. 500 there are sign of trade with Egypt, Phoenicia and Babylon; from B.C.250 to A.D. 250 there are dealing with, perhaps settlements of, Greeks and Parthians; from A.D. 250 to A.D. 640 there were Persian alliance and Persian settlements; from A.D. 700 to A.D. 1200 there were Musalman trade relations and Musalman settlements from Arabia and Persia; in 1530 there was part of conquest by the Portuguese; and in 1664 the settlement of British.The Thane district forms part of North Konkan also called Aprant (The western end) later known as Puri-Konkan after its capital Puri. The earliest known fact in the history of Thane coast & incidentally of Apranta belongs to engraving of Ashoka edicts an basalt bouldes at sopara about six milles north of vasai. According to Buddhist writting sopara was a royal seat & great center of commerce during the life line of Gautam Buddha (B.C. 540).
In Shilharas regime Thane city was described as pretty town by the Arab writers. The merchants who carried on the Thane trade were local Hindu, Muslman & Parsi traders. The shilaharas ruled over North Konkan for move than 400 years. They gave liberal patronage to art & Culture the temple at Ambarnath which is still extant testify the architectural & Sculptural skill of the age.
During Moghul period, Turk rulers had destroyed many temples & Churches of which they made mosques for Muhammad. Under the emperor of Delhi, a religous officer or kazi governed by a military officer or malik & Thane.
Under the strong rule of Muhammad Tughlak the Moghul’s maintained their supremacy in north Konkan. In spite of this two Hindu chiefs held territory on the direct rought between Daulatabad & the coast. Mahadev chief of Baglan & the chief of Jawhar, who in 1341 was recognized by the Delhi court as the lord of twenty-two forts & of a country yielding a yearly revenue of Rs.9,00,000 in one of its stone inscription dated A.D. 1464 that the Hindu Chief of Bhiwandi had power to make land grants.
Portuguese history would be incomplete without the mention of Vasai. The Portuguese remain in possession of Vasai for roughly two hundred years from 1535 to 1739. Nuno da Cunha, who was generally described as the founder of vasai. Timber was sent from vasai to mecca to help the Egyption to build a fleet.Thane coast was famous for its ship building. The ships built between 1550 & 1600 great ships built at Agashi & Vasai made many voyages to Europe.
The Portuguese power passed into the hands of Maratha after a long siege by Chimaji Appa, the brother of Peshwa Bajirao I. For about sixty-four years, from 1739 to 1802 Vasai remained under the Maratha finally, in 1802 by the Treaty of vasai it became a British possession & in 1818 it was incorporated in the Bombay Presidency.
In 1670’s the great Maratha warrior was defeated in 1670’s by the Portuguese forces at sea. But later Shivaji defeated them on land & took several forts to his reign.
Shivaji rocked the Mughal Empire & inflicted several defeats upon the kingdom of Bijapur & Golconda. To prove his equality over the Moghal emperor. Shivaji was crowned the title of Chhatrapati in June 1674 at Raigad fort. Shivaji started levying chauth cess he adopted the system for his own purposed & developed into a profitable instrument for the expansion of his Swarajya.
Vengaon near Karjat was part of Thane district was the birth place of famous Nana Saheb. Thane had no share in the 1857 mutinies. Vasudev Balvant Phadke was in Thane jail and was to be removed to the Andamans.
The oppressive vernacular press act. the huge expenditure incurred during the second Afgan war, the lowering of the age-limit for admission of Indian to Indian civil services & the opening of the Muhammedan Anglo Oriental college at Aligarh all these events took place in Lord Lyttons unblessed regime which left sad memories in the peoples mind.
Under the British rule the trade of the district had developed from 411 lakhs of import & 330 lakhs of exports in 1805 to 2357 lakhs of imports & 2921 lakhs of export in 1881 an increased of about seven fold.
Politics
Assembly constituencies and their extent after delimitation order of 2008128 Dahanu Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST) - 1. Talasari Tehsil, 2. Dahanu Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Saivan, Malyan, Dahanu and Dahanu (M.C.)
129 Vikramgad Vidhan Sabha Constituency - (ST) 1. Vikramgad Tehsil, 2. Jawhar Tehsil, 3. Mokhada Tehsil, 4. Wada Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Kanchad.
130 Palghar Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST) - 1. Dahanu Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Kasa and Chinchani. 2. Palghar Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Tarapur, Palghar and Palghar (M.C.)
131 Boisar Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST) - 1. Palghar Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle-Saphala, Boisar and Manor 2. Vasai Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle-Mandvi, Waliv (CT), and Gokhiware (CT).
132 Nalasopara Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Vasai Tehsil (Part) - Revenue Circle Virar, Virar (MC) and Nalasopara (MC).
133 Vasai Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Vasai Tehsil (Part)-Revenue Circle-Vasai, Manikpur and Agashi and Navghar Manikpur (MC), Vasai (MC) and Sandor (CT).
134 Bhiwandi Rural Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST) - 1. Bhiwandi Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Dighashi, Angaon, Padgha, Additional Bhiwandi, Kharbav, Padgha (CT), Kon (CT) 2. Wada Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle-Wada.
135 Shahapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Maharashtra (ST) - 1. Shahapur Tehsil 2. Wada Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle- Mandva.
136 Bhiwandi West Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Bhiwandi Tehsil (Part), Bhiwandi (M.Corp.). (Part) - Ward No 1 to 5, 18 to 35, 51 to 61, Khoni (CT), Shelar (CT), Katai (CT), Karivali (CT).
137 Bhiwandi East Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Bhiwandi Tehsil (Part), Bhiwandi M. Corp. (Part) - Ward No 6 to 17, 36 to 50 and 62 to 65, and Bhinar Saza in Bhiwandi Revenue Circle.
138 Kalyan West Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Kalyan Tehsil(Part) - Kalyan Dombivali M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No 1 to 12 and 35 to 50 and Manda Saza in Kalyan Revenue Circle.
139 Murbad Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Murbad Tehsil, 2. Kalyan Tehsil (Part)-Revenue Circle-Titwala , Nadgaon 3. Ambernath Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Badlapur , Goregaon, Kulgaon- Badlapur (MC), Ambernath Revenue Circle (Part) Manjarli and Kharwai Saza.
140 Ambernath Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC) - 1. Ambernath Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Ambernath (Rural), and Ambernath (MC), 2. Ulhasnagar Tehsil (Part), Ulhasnagar (M.Corp.) (Part) - Ward No14 to 22 and 44 to 51.
141 Ulhas Nagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Kalyan Tehsil (Part) – Kalyan Revenue Circle (Part) Shahad Saza, 2. Ulhasnagar Tehsil (Part), Ulhasnagar M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No 1 to 13, 27 to 42 and 56 to 69.
142 Kalyan East Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Kalyan Tehsil (Part), Kalyan Dombivali (M.Corp.) (Part) - Ward No. 13 to 30, 2. Ambernath Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Kumbharli 3. Ulhasnagar Tehsil (Part) - Ulhasnagar (M.Corp.) (Part), Ward No. 23 to 26, 43, and 52 to 55.
143 Dombivali Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Kalyan Tehsil (Part), Kalyan Dombivali (M.Corp.) (Part) - Ward No. 57 to 65, 68 and 78 to 96.
144 Kalyan Rural Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Thane Tehsil (Part) - Navi Mumbai M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 6 & 7, Thane M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 6 & 7. 2. Kalyan Tehsil (Part), Kalyan Dombivali M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 31 to 34, 51 to 56, 66, 67 and 69 to 77, Kalyan Revenue Circle(Part)- Nilje and Hedutane Saza.
145 Mira Bhayandar Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1. Thane Tehsil (Part), Mira Bhayandar M.Corp. (Part)- Ward No. 1 to 8, 17 to 36, 41 to 44, 46 and 47.
146 Ovala Majiwada Vidhan Sabha Constituency - 1.Thane Tehsil (Part) - Mira Bhayandar M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 9 to16, 37 to 40, 45 and Thane M. Corp. (Part) - Ward No 9 and 11.
147 Kopri Pachpakhadi Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Thane Tehsil (Part), Thane M. Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 3 and 8.
148 Thane Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Thane Tehsil (Part), Thane M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 1, 2, 10, 12 &13.
149 Mumbra Kalwa Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Thane Tehsil (Part), Thane M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 4 & 5.
150 Airoli Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Thane Tehsil (Part), Navi Mumbai M.Corp. (Part) - Ward No. 1 to 5, 8, 9, 27 to 42 and 61.
151 Belapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency - Thane Tehsil (Part), Navi Mumbai M.Corp. (Part) -Ward No.10 to 26, 43 to 60 and 62 to 66.