Bihar

Bihar is a state in India. It is located between Latitude 24°-20'-10" to 27°-31'-15" N and Longitude 83°-19'-50" to 88°-17'-40" E. The state is spread over an area of about 94,163 sq km. It's average height is 173 feet above sea level. Population of this state was 103,804,637 as per census 2011. Patna is its capital city and Hindi is the principal language.

The state has 9 divisions, 38 districts, 101 sub-divisions, 534 CD Blocks, 8406 Panchayats, 45103 revenue villages, 199 towns, and 14 urban agglomerations. Literacy rate in the state was 63.82% as per census 2011. Decadal population growth during (2001-11) was 25.07%.

History and Geography

Bihar finds mention in the Vedas, Puranas , epics, etc., and was the main scene of activities of Buddha, and 24 Jain Tirthankars. Great rulers of the State before the Christian era were Bimbisar, Udayin, who founded the city of Pataliputra. Chandragupta Maurya and Emperor Ashoka and Maurya dynasty, the Sungs and the Kanvas. Then came the Kushan rulers followed by Chandragupta Vikramaditya of the Gupta dynasty. Muslim rulers made in-roads into the territory during medieval period. The first conqueror of Bihar was Mohammed- bin-Bakhtiar Khalji. The Tughluqs and then the Mughals followed the Khaljis.

One of the major states of the Indian Union, Bihar is bounded on the north by Nepal, on the east by West Bengal, on west by Uttar Pradesh and on the south by Jharkhand. Bihar has a number of rivers, the most important of which is the Ganga. The other rivers are the Sone, Poonpoon, Falgu, Karmanasa, Durgawati, Kosi, Gandak, Ghaghara, etc.

Bihar lies in the tropical to sub tropical region.

Districts

Araria District Arwal District Aurangabad District in Bihar Banka District Begusarai District Bhagalpur District Bhojpur District Buxar District Darbhanga District East Champaran District Gaya District Gopalganj District Jamui District Jehanabad District Kaimur District Katihar District Khagaria District Kishanganj District Lakhisarai District Madhepura District Madhubani District Munger District Muzaffarpur District Nalanda District Nawada District Patna District Purnia District Rohtas District Saharsa District Samastipur District Saran District Sheikhpura District Sheohar District Sitamarhi District Siwan District Supaul District Vaishali District West Champaran District

Politics

There are 40 Lok Sabha and 243 Vidhan Sabha constituencies in the state.

Lok Sabha and the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies

1 Valmiki Nagar Lok Sabha Constituency - 1. Valmiki Nagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 2 Ramnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar (SC), 3 Narkatiaganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 4 Bagaha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 5 Lauriya Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 9 Sikta Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

2 Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha Constituency - 6 Nautan Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 7 Chanpatia Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 8 Bettiah Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 10 Raxaul Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 11 Sugauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 12 Narkatia Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

3 Purvi Champaran Lok Sabha Constituency - 13 Harsidhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 14 Govindganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 15 Kesaria Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 16 Kalyanpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency Purvi Champaran, 17 Pipra Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Purvi Champaran, and 19 Motihari Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

4 Sheohar Lok Sabha Constituency - 18 Madhuban Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 20 Chiraia Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 21 Dhaka Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 22 Sheohar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 23 Riga Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 30 Belsand Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

5 Sitamarhi Lok Sabha Constituency - 24 Bathnaha Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 25 Parihar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 26 Sursand Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 27 Bajpatti Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 28 Sitamarhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 29 Runnisaidpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

6 Madhubani Lok Sabha Constituency - 31 Harlakhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 32 Benipatti Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 35 Bisfi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 36 Madhubani Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 86 Keoti Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 87 Jale Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

7 Jhanjharpur Lok Sabha Constituency - 33 Khajauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 34 Babubarhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 37 Rajnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar (SC), 38 Jhanjharpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 39 Phulparas Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 40 Laukaha Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

8 Supaul Lok Sabha Constituency - 41 Nirmali Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 42 Pipra Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Supaul, 43 Supaul Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 44 Triveniganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 45 Chhatapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 72 Singheshwar Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC).

9 Araria Lok Sabha Constituency - 46 Narpatganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 47 Raniganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar (SC), 48 Forbesganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 49 Araria Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 50 Jokihat Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 51 Sikti Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

10 Kishanganj Lok Sabha Constituency - 52 Bahadurganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 53 Thakurganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 54 Kishanganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 55 Kochadhaman Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 56 Amour Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 57 Baisi Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

11 Katihar Lok Sabha Constituency - 63 Katihar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 64 Kadwa Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 65 Balrampur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 66 Pranpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 67 Manihari Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST), and 68 Barari Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

12 Purnia Lok Sabha Constituency - 58 Kasba Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 59 Banmankhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 60 Rupauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 61 Dhamdaha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 62 Purnia Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 69 Korha Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC).

13 Madhepura Lok Sabha Constituency - 70 Alamnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 71 Bihariganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 73 Madhepura Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 74 Sonbarsha Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 75 Saharsa Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 77 Mahishi Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

14 Darbhanga Lok Sabha Constituency - 79 Gaura Bauram Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 80 Benipur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 81 Alinagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 82 Darbhanga Rural Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 83 Darbhanga Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 85 Bahadurpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

15 Muzaffarpur Lok Sabha Constituency - 88 Gaighat Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 89 Aurai Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 91 Bochaha Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 92 Sakra Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 93 Kurhani Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 94 Muzaffarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

16 Vaishali Lok Sabha Constituency - 90 Minapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 95 Kanti Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 96 Baruraj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 97 Paroo Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 98 Sahebganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 125 Vaishali Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

17 Gopalganj Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 99 Baikunthpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 100 Barauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 101 Gopalganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 102 Kuchaikote Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 103 Bhorey Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), and 104 Hathua Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

18 Siwan Lok Sabha Constituency - 105 Siwan Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 106 Ziradei Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 107 Darauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 108 Raghunathpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 109 Daraundha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 110 Barharia Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

19 Maharajganj Lok Sabha Constituency in Bihar - 111 Goriakothi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 112 Maharajganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 113 Ekma Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 114 Manjhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 115 Baniapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 116 Taraiya Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

20 Saran Lok Sabha Constituency - 117 Marhaura Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 118 Chapra Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 119 Garkha Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 120 Amnour Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 121 Parsa Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 122 Sonepur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar.

21 Hajipur Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 123 Hajipur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 124 Lalganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 126 Mahua Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 127 Raja Pakar Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 128 Raghopur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 129 Mahnar Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

22 Ujiarpur Lok Sabha Constituency - 130 Patepur Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 134 Ujiarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 135 Morwa Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 136 Sarairanjan Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 137 Mohiuddinnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 138 Bibhutipur Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

23 Samastipur Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 78 Kusheshwar Asthan Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 84 Hayaghat Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 131 Kalyanpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Samastipur (SC), 132 Warisnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 133 Samastipur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 139 Rosera Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC).

24 Begusarai Lok Sabha Constituency - 141 Cheria Bariarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 142 Bachhwara Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 143 Teghra Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 144 Matihani Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 145 Sahebpur Kamal Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 146 Begusarai Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 147 Bakhri Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC).

25 Khagaria Lok Sabha Constituency - 76 Simri Bakhtiarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 140 Hasanpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 148 Alauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 149 Khagaria Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 150 Beldaur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 151 Parbatta Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

26 Bhagalpur Lok Sabha Constituency - 152 Bihpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 153 Gopalpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 154 Pirpainti Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 155 Kahalgaon Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 156 Bhagalpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 158 Nathnagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

27 Banka Lok Sabha Constituency - 157 Sultanganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 159 Amarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 160 Dhauraiya Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 161 Banka Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 162 Katoria Vidhan Sabha Constituency (ST), and 163 Belhar Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

28 Munger Lok Sabha Constituency - 165 Munger Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 166 Jamalpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 167 Suryagarha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 168 Lakhisarai Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 178 Mokama Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 179 Barh Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

29 Nalanda Lok Sabha Constituency - 171 Asthawan Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 172 Biharsharif Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 173 Rajgir Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 174 Islampur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 175 Hilsa Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 176 Nalanda Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 177 Harnaut Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

30 Patna Sahib Lok Sabha Constituency - 180 Bakhtiarpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 181 Digha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 182 Bankipur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 183 Kumhrar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 184 Patna Sahib Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 185 Fatuha Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

31 Pataliputra Lok Sabha Constituency - 186 Danapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 187 Maner Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 188 Phulwari Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 189 Masaurhi Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 190 Paliganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 191 Bikram Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

32 Arrah Lok Sabha Constituency - 192 Sandesh Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 193 Barhara Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 194 Arrah Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 195 Agiaon Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 196 Tarari Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 197 Jagdishpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, and 198 Shahpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar.

33 Buxar Lok Sabha Constituency - 199 Brahampur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 200 Buxar Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 201 Dumraon Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 202 Rajpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar (SC), 203 Ramgarh Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, and 210 Dinara Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

34 Sasaram Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 204 Mohania Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 205 Bhabua Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 206 Chainpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 207 Chenari Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 208 Sasaram Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 209 Kargahar Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

35 Karakat Lok Sabha Constituency - 211 Nokha Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 212 Dehri Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 213 Karakat Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 219 Goh Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 220 Obra Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, and 221 Nabinagar Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

36 Jahanabad Lok Sabha Constituency - 214 Arwal Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 215 Kurtha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 216 Jehanabad Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 217 Ghosi Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar, 218 Makhdumpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), and 233 Atri Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

37 Aurangabad Lok Sabha Constituency in Bihar - 222 Kutumba Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 223 Aurangabad Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 224 Rafiganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 225 Gurua Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 227 Imamganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), and 231 Tikari Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

38 Gaya Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 226 Sherghati Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 228 Barachatti Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 229 Bodh Gaya Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 230 Gaya Town Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 232 Belaganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 234 Wazirganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

39 Nawada Lok Sabha Constituency - 170 Barbigha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 235 Rajauli Vidhan Sabha Constituency (SC), 236 Hisua Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 237 Nawada Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 238 Gobindpur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 239 Warsaliganj Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

40 Jamui Lok Sabha Constituency (SC) - 164 Tarapur Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 169 Sheikhpura Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 240 Sikandra Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar (SC), 241 Jamui Vidhan Sabha Constituency, 242 Jhajha Vidhan Sabha Constituency, and 243 Chakai Vidhan Sabha Constituency.

Places of Interest

Rajgir, Gaya, Nalanda, Vaishali